Detail about 3D reinforcement in civil structure drawing

In this useful construction video tutorial, you will get the details of 3D reinforcement in civil structural drawing.

In this regard, you should have clear ideas on the followings :-

Stirrups 8Ø@150 C/C – It means the stirrups or rings should contain 8mm diameter. The distance among two rings in a column should be 150 mm center to center.

Bottom - 12Ø@150 C/C B/w (both way) – It is applicable in footing. The steel bars are placed horizontally and vertically in the footing. The distance among the two bars is 150 mm in both ways i.e. x axis and y axis.

3D reinforcement is provided in footing or foundation. It has the dimension like 12Ø@300 C/C three dimensional R/F.

Suppose the length, breadth and height of a foundation are 2m, 3m and 2m. Initially, the steel bars should be placed vertically at the spacing of 300 mm with 12mm diameter. It means the spacing should be maintained as 300 mm to both x and y axis horizontally & vertically for settling reinforcement. 3D dimensional reinforced is used to make foundation strong to bear heady load.

To get more clear ideas, go through the following video tutorial.

Video Source: Tutorials Tips

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Structural Design – Minimum Standard

Thumb rules for Structural Design of RCC Structures: It is advisable to use superior structural design software like ETabs or Staad Pro for making the design of structures. There exist different types of variables in making the design of a structure and therefore no minimum standards are perfect.

This guide is very helpful for making the design of very small structures, as for instance up to G+1 floors. It is recommended to apply good software for structural designer instead of manual methods. Manual method is only applicable for checks.

Real design is accomplished by applying the computers, through very advanced design concepts like pushover analysis, seismic analysis, wind loads simulation and various advanced processes.

Design of RCC Structural Components: This construction article sheds light on the minimum standards that should be undertaken for making the design of RCC structural components of a structure, like columns, beams, slab and foundation. Besides, the explanation is also provided for the minimum safe standards for the reinforcing bars which should be employed for the design of the above mentioned Structural Components.

Minimum cross-sectional dimension for a Column is 9”x 9” (225MM x 225MM). But to get rid of slenderness issues, a rectangular column with dimension 9″x 12″ (225 MM x 300 MM) should be designed for maintaining safety.

It is recommended to utilize M20 grade concrete for construction as per IS 456:2000 standard. The minimum steel required in a 9″ x 9″ column is 4 bars of 12 MM containing stirrups of 8 MM steel rings at a gapping of 150 MM centre to centre.

In a 9″ x 12″ column, two more bars should be included to easily manage the total to 6 bars having 12 MM diameter. This design is trustworthy for up to G+1 floors.

Minimum RCC beam size should not be under 9″x 9″(225MM X 225MM), with an extra slab thickness of 125 MM. It will be perfect to apply a minimum of 4 bars, with 2 bars having 12 MM thickness in the bottom of the beam, and 2 bars having 10 MM at the top of the beam.

A concrete cover having 40 MM dimension should be used. Besides, M20 grade of concrete (1 part cement : 1.5 parts sand : 3 parts aggregate : 0.5 parts water) should also be used.

Minimum thickness of RCC slab should be 5″ (125MM) as a slab may comprise of electrical pipes which are implanted into them with 0.5″ dimension or more for internal wiring to significantly decreases slab depths at specific places. It leads to cracking, weakening and water leakage throughout rains. Therefore, a minimum thickness of 5″ should have been retained.

Minimum size of foundation for a single storey of G+1 building should be 1m x 1m, where safe bearing strength of soil is 30 tonnes per square meter, and the approaching load on the column does not surpass 30 tonnes. Minimum depth of footing should be 4′underneath ground level. It is suggested to go to depths up to had strata.

To get more information, go through the following link www.civilprojectsonline.com



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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Benefits of precast concrete construction

Precast concrete is one type of construction under which casting is done in a recyclable mould or “form” and cured in a controlled surrounding as well as transmitted to the construction site and hoisted into place.

As precast concrete is developed in a controlled surroundings (precast plant), it becomes easier for plant employers to cure it perfectly and supervise carefully. Various types of precast concrete forming systems are available for architectural applications which vary in size, function and cost.

The precast concrete provides huge benefits due to the superior quality of the material formed in controlled conditions, as well as the lower cost of developing large forms utilized with concrete poured on site. It is primarily applied in the erection of buildings with repetitive design and components, like schools and apartments.

Given below, a wide array of benefits for utilizing precast concrete construction:

• Reduced Construction Time and Cost
With precast concrete construction, it is possible to save significant time as well as minimize the risk associated with loiter of project and prospective financial losses. Precast design and fabrication of elements begin when the construction site is under survey or earthworks. Because of the controlled surrounding of the casting area, production is not impacted with weather conditions. With the application of large precast panels, the time is curtailed significantly for the completion of the structural works so that other trades like painting and electrical wiring can be started quickly.

In traditional construction method, various laborious works like formworks, scaffoldings and curing are required to form a structural element. In precast concrete construction method, structural elements are formed in manufacturing plants whereas other activities are started at the construction site. At the time of requiring structural elements, they are delivered to the site right away and accumulated on regular basis, to build up the structural frame and encircle the building. In precast concrete manufacturing plants, there are modern machineries controlled by various technicians to look after specific production process.

• Superior quality and aesthetical value of products
Precast products are fabricated in a casting area where some vital factors like temperature, mix design and stripping time should be closely monitored and managed to make sure that the quality of precast products are superior as compared to cast-in-situ concrete. Significant amount of money will be saved as no rectification works are required. Because of factory-controlled prefabrication environment, various combinations of colours and textures are employed easily to the architectural or structural pieces. An extensive range of sizes and shapes of precast components are developed to offer good flexibility and fresher appearance to the structures.

• Cleaner and safer construction sites
The precast elements can significantly minimize traditional formworks and props. Precast construction also reduces the problem of site wastages and the associated environmental issues. A secure working platform is created for workers to act on with the prefabricated products. Requirements for workers and materials are also significantly minimized at the construction sites. By following just-in-time principles, the precast elements are preserved at the factory yard unless the site gets prepared for installation. There will be less wastage at both factory and construction sites because the elements are developed in the plant and mostly designed to be redundant.

• Superior unobstructed span
With the application of pre-stressed precast solutions like the Hollow Core slabs and Double-T beams, superior unobstructed span is obtained as compared to the traditional reinforced concrete elements. Bigger open space is created with fewer beams and columns. It is mostly suitable for the construction of places of worship, warehouses, halls, car parks, shops and offices.

For more information, go through the following link ukessays.com



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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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