The units of measurements (UOM) for civil engineering works are mainly categorized for their nature, shape and size and for making payments to the contractor and also. The principle of units of measurements normally consists of the following matters:
1. Single units work like doors, windows, trusses etc., are expressed in numbers.
2. Works consisting linear measurements involve length like cornice, fencing, hand rail, bands of specified width etc., are expressed in running meters (RM).
3. Works consisting areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions of specified thickness etc., and are expressed in square meters (m2).
4. Works consisting cubical contents which involve volume like earth work, cement concrete, Masonry etc. are expressed in Cubic meters.
The rules for measurement of each item are invariably described in IS-1200. However, some of the general thumb rules are listed as following.
Measurement shall be made for finished item of work and description of each item shall include materials, transport, labor, fabrication tools and plant and all types of overheads for finished the work in required shape, size and specification.
In booking, the order shall be in sequence of length, breadth and height or thickness. All works shall be measured subject to the following tolerances:
1. Linear measurement shall be measured to the nearest 0.01m.
2. Areas shall be measured to the nearest 0.01 SQM
3. Cubic contents shall be worked out to the nearest 0.01 cum.
Same type of work under different conditions and nature shall be measured separately under separate items. The bill of quantities shall fully describe the materials, proportions, workmanships and accurately represent the work to be executed. In case of masonry (stone or brick) or structural concrete, the categories shall be measured separately and the heights shall be described as:
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