Detail about 3D reinforcement in civil structure drawing

In this useful construction video tutorial, you will get the details of 3D reinforcement in civil structural drawing.

In this regard, you should have clear ideas on the followings :-

Stirrups 8Ø@150 C/C – It means the stirrups or rings should contain 8mm diameter. The distance among two rings in a column should be 150 mm center to center.

Bottom - 12Ø@150 C/C B/w (both way) – It is applicable in footing. The steel bars are placed horizontally and vertically in the footing. The distance among the two bars is 150 mm in both ways i.e. x axis and y axis.

3D reinforcement is provided in footing or foundation. It has the dimension like 12Ø@300 C/C three dimensional R/F.

Suppose the length, breadth and height of a foundation are 2m, 3m and 2m. Initially, the steel bars should be placed vertically at the spacing of 300 mm with 12mm diameter. It means the spacing should be maintained as 300 mm to both x and y axis horizontally & vertically for settling reinforcement. 3D dimensional reinforced is used to make foundation strong to bear heady load.

To get more clear ideas, go through the following video tutorial.

Video Source: Tutorials Tips

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Various types of Design Loads on Bridges, Highway & Rail Bridge

While going to deign any bridge, the tasks like computation of Design Loads and loading bridge model are very important. Given below, some crucial loads which should be taken into consideration at the time of creating the design of a bridge.

Dead Load - “Gravity loading because of structural parts of bridge”

Dead load comprises of permanent gravity forces because of structural Elements. It is basically measured as the product of volume and material density. Normally, self-weight is employed in the analysis model with the self-weight option of the analysis software. This makes the calculation step simple.

Superimposed Dead Load - “Dead Gravity loading because of non-structural parts of bridge”

Superimposed dead loads stand for gravity loads that include other permanent items ranging from parapets and road surfacing and other non-structural and architectural attachments to the bridge. Such items last long but should have been modified during the lifetime of the structure. It has similarity with self-weight and it is measured as the product of volume and material density.

The most crucial item of superimposed dead load belongs to the road pavement or surfacing. It is not atypical for road pavements to become gradually thicker over a number of years since every new surfacing is just placed on top of the one before it. Therefore, specifically high load factor is employed to road pavement.

Imposed traffic Loading - “Because of road or rail vehicles”

Imposed traffic loads contain those forces which are produced with road or rail vehicles on the bridge. Bridge traffic can be vehicular, rail or pedestrian/cycle or genuinely any combination of these. The type and strength of the design vehicle alters on the basis of the design code. As for instance, HL-93 is used in AASHTO design code.

Bridge traffic loading is frequently monitored by trucks whose weights significantly surpass the maximum legal. Bridge traffic loading is used with the notional lanes which do not depend on the actual lanes. Eurocode normal loading comprises of invariable loading and a pair of four wheels in a single lane.

To examine the dynamic effects of traffic, the vehicular loads are multiplied with an impact factor frequently.

Pedestrian and cycle track - “Gravity loading because of non-vehicular traffic”

Bridge codes normally indicate a basic intensity for pedestrian loading. Again intensity is based on the design code, it is 5 kN/m2 in the Eurocode and the British standard and 4 kN/m2 in the American code.

To get more detail information, go through the following link. engineeringcivil.org

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Structural Design of ASDIP Concrete

ASDIP Concrete is a set of modules which are fully devoted for the design of concrete members like beams, columns and walls depended on the newest ACI 318 specifications.

These specifications can explain the time wasting calculations in any type of structural engineering office; while this ASDIP Concrete 3.1.7v is developed by ASDIP Structural Software and can perform well with Windows. This is a trial version and the file size of the downloaded version is about 4.85 MB.

Here is the list of things which are found under this ASDIP Concrete:

Modules of ASDIP Concrete: This concrete is a unified, merged system that has a combination of flexibility of a fill-in-the-blanks format with the power of Windows Forms and both of them can easily develop either an optimal design or a fast investigation. ASDIP Concrete uses a screen with tabbed pages to enter the users’ data directly onto the forms and allow seeing the results instantly which helps to control the design process, to get the detailed results and the graphics easily.

User Interface: The software uses pull-down menus, dialog boxes and in-field editing as the primary user interface, all these components help to manage and control the difficult design algorithms easily and transparently to the end user in a simple way. It also approves the input data to stop wrong format and users can automatically develop their design with the text-with-values output messages which are updated with every change.

Project Manager: It is a very important thing in the ASDIP Concrete System which takes care of both the calculations and files management from where anyone can create, copy, delete or print calculations, create and save projects and arrange the work.

Reports: The concrete creates high quality previously formatted reports with particular information of any design and optimize the design with the graphical interface, then print preview the results and finally print the report.

Trial Limitations:
• Report- Print disabled
• File- Save Disabled
• 15 day assessment period

ASDIP Concrete has the design of following types of concrete elements:

• Concrete Columns: The design of a concrete column under the action of axial loads and bending moments; while this module can calculates the enlarged moments for slimness of ASCE 7 load combinations and creates the column strength interaction diagram.

• Concrete Beams: The design of a concrete multi-span regular beam under the action of uniform and concreted loads while this module specifically calculate the bending and crop strength for various types of beams and load combinations per ASCE 7.
• Bearing Walls: The design of a concrete wall under the action of vertical and out-of-plane literal loads; the module calculates the magnified moments for slimness of ASCE 7 load combinations and creates the wall strength interaction plan.

Here is some similar software of ASDIP Concrete:

ASDIP Foundation: It is a set of modules certainly dedicated to the design of concrete footings depended on the newest IBC/ACI 318 specifications that simplify calculations of the wasted time in any structural engineering office.
ASDIP Retain: It is a set of modules dedicated fully to the design of retaining walls depended on the new IBC/ACI 318 specifications to simplify the time consuming calculation in any structural engineering office.
ASDIP Steel: It is a set of modules dedicated fully to the design of structural steel members depended on the new AISC 360 for simplifying the time taking calculations in any structural engineering office.
ASDIP: It is a 13-module structural ser with a board of design solutions for new structural engineers.
Advance Concrete: It is totally designed for engineers and structural draftsmen for total and easy to use software fully integrated into AutoCAD.
ASTRUTTIE: It is a strut-tie model design software for concrete members with disturbed stress regions.

Download Free 15 days Trial: asdipsoft.com/asdip-concrete

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

More about design drawings and model planning

Planning: Building plans can be somehow difficult to get as the planning for every kind of building is not same and they upgrades and changes every day.

Plans are like a set of drawings or two-dimensional diagrams that are used to narrate a place or object or to communicate building or fabrication instructions which are drawn or printed on paper and can take the form of a digital file.

Planning are generally made for different technical purposes like architecture, engineering or construction etc. and those capture all the geometric features of a site, building, product or component in an accurate and clear way so that it can display a clear information to the builder or manufacturer to help in design.

Generally this process of making plans and producing them is known as technical drawing and a working drawing is a kind of technical drawing where documentation has to be done to build any engineering product or architecture such as civil, architectural, structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing etc. In the same way there is some software that helps to plan the models for building purpose or designing in other way such as BIM describes the process of creating and managing digital information about a building or other facility like bridge, highway, tunnel etc. and many more. BIM ensures that actual information should be created in a right format at the appropriate time so that better decisions can be taken in throughout the design, construction and operation of built assets.

At the beginning of a project, the BIM is known as Project Information model might include previous information like site reviews, condition reviews, information about previous services and many more and all those information should be generated from a previous Asset Information Model or Aim to operate and maintain a built asset.

A design intent model is developed in the time of design stages going in a project and it gets more detailed with the growth of the project and at last it will become a Virtual Construction Model with all other objects in the model to be manufactures, installed or constructed.

Design Drawings: they are used to develop and communicate ideas about a developing design and in the beginning stage of designing them only demonstrate to the client the capacity of a particular design team to grasp the design.

These designs are used in developing and communicating the detail, examine potential sites and assess options and develop the approved idea into a consistent and co-ordinate design and communicate the developed design to the local planning authority, contractors and suppliers.

Besides that it also keeps the track of the completed construction and constant changes in completing the construction project. But it is also true that some of these are not always known as design drawings as sometimes they has not started well or completed early. But all of them have some things of investigation or development of the design or sometimes they are good for nothing.

So these design drawings can be categorized as:

• Feasibility studies.
• Option appraisals.
• Concept drawings.
• Detailed or developed design.
• Technical design.
• Tender drawings.
• Shop, installation and construction drawings.

Design drawings are developed in a detailed way from block and massing drawings, sketches to detailed technical drawings etc. but while developing it are important to know the purpose and about the information the designs can narrate through them. They must determine their actual format, size, scale and every little detail that will be useful for the drawings suppliers to use in fabrication. These drawings can be prepared by architects, technicians, structural engineers, civil engineers and so on other different practitioners; but they must be carefully integrated and co-ordinated to give security about the right level of design in all the elements. These drawings has been revolutionized at first by CAD and then by BIM.




~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

How beam and lintel differs as per structural behavior & load carrying system

This construction video tutorial briefly explains the variations among beam and lintel.

Both the beam and lintel are flexural as well as horizontal members and considered as the vital parts of structural system. But these differ according to their structural behavior and load carrying system.

Given below the points of differentiation:-

To gather more information, watch the following construction video

tutorial.

Read more

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~