Common structural members in a building

In this civil engineering article, you will get detail information on different types of structural members in a building.

Beam: Beam stands for a flexure member of the structure. It is exposed to transverse loading like vertical loads, and gravity loads. With these loads, shear and bending are formed inside the beam. Beams belong to horizontal structural members to bear a load successfully.

Beam is generally applied for withstanding vertical loads, shear forces and bending moments.

Columns: A long vertical member that mostly undergoes compressive loads & buckling loads is known as column. Columns stand for vertical, structural members of a structure. They transmit load from beams to footings. Columns are mostly utilized to support beams or arches on which the upper sections of walls or ceilings rest.

Strut: Strut is a compressive member of a structure. This structural member is driven from opposite ends. The purpose of a strut is to withstand compression.

Ties: A tie stands for a structural member that is extended from opposite ends. A tie mainly deals with tension.

Beam-Column: A structural member that is exposed to compression and flexure is known as beam column.

Grid: A group of beams which overlap each other at right angles and exposed to vertical loads is known as grid.

Cables and Arches: Cables are normally suspended at their ends and are granted to sag. The forces then turn to pure tension and are headed along the axis of the cable. Arches have the similarity with cables apart from they are inverted. They bear compressive loads which are directed along the axis of the arch.

Plates and Slabs: Plates belong to three dimensional flat structural components generally constructed with metal which are frequently utilized in floors and roofs of structures. Slabs are identical to plates apart from that they are normally constructed with concrete.



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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Details of top down construction method

Under top down construction method, the basement concrete slabs function as lateral bracing toward the perimeter wall system. Ground level and first basement slabs are poured, with access holes left to facilitate excavation below. Since every succeeding sub-grade level is finished, the floors perform as lateral bracing toward the perimeter wall system.

Top-down method is mostly suitable for two types of urban structures, tall buildings containing deep basements and underground structures like car parks, underpasses and subway stations. In such a circumstance the basement floors are built up as the excavation steps forward.

The top/down method is utilized for deep excavation projects where tieback installation can’t be done and soil movements should be reduced. Top-down construction method saves the entire construction time. So, it is mainly implemented for some major projects where time is a key factor.

The sequence construction starts with retaining wall set up and then load-bearing elements to support the future super-structure. The basement columns (generally steel beams) are built up prior to starting of excavation and rest on the load bearing elements. These load bearing elements normally belong to concrete barrettes constructed under slurry (or caissons).

Construction method: Given below, the detail construction method for top down construction :-

• Built up the retaining wall.
• Build up piles. Arrange the steel columns or stanchions where the piles will be developed.
• Carry on the first phase of excavation.
• Cast the floor slab of first basement level
• Start to build up the superstructure
• Carry on the second phase of excavation; cast the floor slab of the second basement level.
• Reiterate the similar method unless the required depth is attained.
• Develop the foundation slab and ground beams, etc. Finish the basement work.
• Continue constructing the superstructure unless it is completed.

To learn the step-by-step process in detail, go through the following video presentation.

Video Source: geobuuk

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Civil Engineering – The newest construction app for engineering science students & professional

Civil Engineering is a powerful civil engineering app that includes the fundamentals of civil engineering.

There are various types of crucial topics, notes, materials, videos included in the app.

The civil engineering students can download the app and utilize it as reference material & digital book for civil engineering program & tech degree courses.

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d. Environmental
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f. Construction
g. Architectural
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This handy Civil Engineering App involves 60 topics supported with detailed notes, diagrams, equations, formulas & course material. The topics are segregated in 5 chapters. The app is specifically designed for all the engineering science students & professionals.

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Civil Engineering Basics is a vital portion of engineering education courses and technology degree programs at different universities.

One can download the app from google play store by clicking the following link play.google.com

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www.constructioncost.co
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Civil Engineering: Conventional and Objective Type – An exclusive e-book

Khurmi R.S. and Gupta J.K. have written an exclusive e-book known as Civil Engineering (conventional and objective type). The book is available in paperback version.

The book sheds light on different branches of civil engineering.

The book is ideal for the civil engineering students and for those who want to make good result in state or union civil services examinations taking civil engineering as an optional subject.

J K Gupta and R S Khurmi have put their teaching knowledge to publish this standard and objective type responsive book.

The book includes some crucial topics like mechanics, applied mechanics, hydraulics and fluids mechanics, strength of materials, hydraulic machines, soil mechanics and foundations, building material irrigation, concrete technology, building construction, public health engineering and engineering geology. The topics in the book are based on the course material for under-graduated courses as well as that for objective type multiple choice questions.

The book comprises of brief conventional theory of each subject. Every concept and theoretical topics are supported with nearly 200 objective type questions.

Besides, there are different types of practice tests and solved/unsolved questions which are very useful for civil engineering students. It can facilitate the readers to solve out any confusions and prepare themselves for SSC or other junior engineering examination.

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Michael R. Penn and Philip Parker have published an exclusive book alias Introduction To Infrastructure

Both Michael R. Penn and Philip Parker have written an exclusive book alias Introduction to Infrastructure. The book is available in paperback version.

The book is specifically designed for civil and environmental engineering. The book sheds light on various facets of civil engineering that demonstrates interconnection of the various civil engineering fields. This 1st Edition focuses on an extensive range of engineering fields, as well as introduction to ethics.

Customary technical topics (as for instance - construction, environmental/water resources, geotechnical, etc.) are explained briefly through the text and in spite of discussing these sub-disciplines on a chapter–by–chapter basis, case studies are utilized to highlight their interconnection.

The text also highlights usages of civil and environmental engineering in practical, containing level of technical rigor (e.g. rudimentary); a conversational tone, motivating the reader; problem–based; and website associated text like existing news related to infrastructure; and ordinances (parking, stormwater, etc.) from communities of different sizes and geographic locations to be applied as the foundation for textbook exercises.

To purchase the book, click on the following link www.amazon.in

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Get Numerous Civil Engineering Notes Online

This construction video tutorial will demonstrate huge lists of competitive exam notes which are very useful for civil engineering PO exams, state civil engineering exams, PSC etc. These notes are hand written.

These notes can be useful for environmental engineering, irrigation engineering, design of reinforced concrete structure, steel structure, structural analysis, surveying etc.

To learn the detailed process, go through the following video.

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Published By
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www.constructioncost.co

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