Brief overview of concrete mix ratio

If cement is blended with sand, stone/aggregates and water, a paste will be developed and it can be applied to stick the building materials collectively. This paste is known as concrete.

The ration upon which the cement, sand, stones or aggregates are amalgamated, defines the strength of the concrete mix. Depending on these ratios, different types of concrete grades are accessible in the market. These concrete grades range from M10, M20, M30, M35, etc.

“M” denotes “mix”. Mix characterizes concrete with indicated ratios of cement, sand and aggregate. And the number after “M” denotes compressive strength of that concrete mix in N/mm2 after 28 days. As for instance, for M30 grade of concrete mix, its compressive strength after 28 days should have been 30 N/mm2.

Concrete mix ratio table

Given below, the standard chart table that displays different grades of concrete mix design together with their relevant ratios of cement, sand and aggregates required.

It is found that volume of sand is always retained half of that of aggregates in these standard mix designs. These proportions can be estimated and sustained with buckets or some other standard cubes which are easily utilized during the project. It is essential to keep up uniformity in each and every concrete mix produced throughout the entire project.

The site engineer/supervisor should take the responsibility to examine and implement it.

Water content ratio in concrete mix: The strength & adaptability of concrete is mainly dependent on water content. The adaptability of concrete (more fluid) will be increased with the higher quantity of water but it will decrease the concrete strength.

Contrarily, if the amount of water is low, adaptability of water will also be decreased. So, it becomes complicated to arrange such concrete in the structure. Required amount of water may differ for same volume of concrete for different grades of concrete. So, equilibrium should be maintained in the construction site throughout concrete mixing.

Video Source: Civil Engineering

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Brief explanation of rebaring method in reinforced concrete construction

Rebaring technique in reinforced concrete construction stands for a process that is undertaken for fabricating and arranging of reinforcement bars perfectly based on the design and drawings intended for RCC works.

It is known fact that concrete is very durable in compression and weak in tension. The reinforcement bars alias rebars are strong in tension and these are combined with concrete to employ its tension property.

The responsible engineer produces the calculation of reinforcement bar for a reinforced concrete work. The engineer supplies us the particular details of the number of reinforcement bars as well as the shape and size of each bar for each work.

The responsible engineer produces the calculation of reinforcement bar for a reinforced concrete work. The engineer supplies us the particular details of the number of reinforcement bars as well as the shape and size of each bar for each work.

Various types of loads like tension, compression, lateral, horizontal and torsion are available which develop from pressure. To determine the strength of concrete, you have to find out whether concrete can withstand these loads or not.

The strength obtained by the R.C.C structure is based on the method and the techniques to be used for setting up the reinforcement bar. The reinforcement bars are primarily patterned over its surface to allow perfect bonding with the concrete.

Importance of Rebaring Technique in Reinforced Concrete Construction: The steel reinforcement usually is segregated into two categories i.e.

• Primary Reinforcement or Main Steel reinforcement
• Secondary reinforcement or distribution reinforcement

The objective of applying main steel reinforcement bars in R.C.C structures is to maintain resistance capacity for withstanding the entire design loads delivered to it. The secondary reinforcement bars are primarily used to maintain longevity and elegant look.

This reinforcement ensures to keep resistance for localized areas like limited cracking. These can also combat the stresses produced because of divergences in temperature.

The main bars which are used with indicated diameter, are bent at the ends. The stirrups belong to reinforcements which are arranged laterally, to place the main bars of the structural elements like beams and columns, in exact location.

The stirrups may come in various shapes like circular, square, rectangular, helical or diamond on the basis of the cross-section of the structural element. The reinforcement bars in the corners may appear as L – shaped.

The caging for the structural element to be decided should be perfectly fastened so as to keep the position of each bar unchanged throughout concreting. This is a check that should be always maintained throughout concreting otherwise it can hamper the stability of the structural member.

The rebars are primarily arranged at the junctions where the formwork of the structural element is closed and at the point where a new structural element should be fastened with the former one.

To gather more information, click on the following link theconstructor.org

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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How to analyze rates for a PCC work with spreadsheet

Parag Pal, the most promising civil engineer, has provided some useful tips for making rate analysis concerning plain cement concrete (PCC) through an excel based spreadsheet.
P.C.C alias plain cement concreate is a useful construction material that is formed by mixing in proportion of the cement (usually portland cement), aggregate (coarse or fine ),sand and water. It is normally utilized like a binding material. Pcc is robust in compression but feeble in the tension and shear. It is mostly found in foundation work and flooring in building.

PCC is mainly used for following purposes

1. It is applied like a protective layer for the RCC above to facilitate water from the RCC not being immersed by the earth below.

2. Arranges a base for the concrete as well as facilitates the workers to set out the structure above in an efficient manner

3. Performs as a cover to reinforced cement concrete i.e. protect against corrosion of steel bars in footings

Each construction project is allocated into number of activities. Each activity contains various types of civil or construction works. Rate analysis is necessary for removing cost of construction, material planning, labour and equipment allocation in the scheduling etc.

You can’t download the spreadsheet but make necessary modification in the spreadsheet online as per your database. Only the figure in given in red color can be changed and the result will be reflected to all the cells.

To avail the spreadsheet, click on the following link. www.civilnotess.com

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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