Raft foundation construction details

This construction article provides the detail construction methods for raft foundation of a building. The raft foundation is conducted for the multistory buildings or building having heavy loads.

Step 1: Initially, the surveyor should begin exaction and as soon as the survey is completed then exaction is carried out to the desired level on the basis of the validated shop drawings.

Throughout excavation, precaution for safety should be undertaken, the entire area should be guarded and everybody should utilize PPE at site.

Step 2: As soon as the final phase of the exaction is completed then the surface should be consolidated with plate compacter as the area is small and it is not difficult to apply the roller compacter. But 95% compaction should be performed with compaction test.

Step 3: After getting the passable results of compaction test, 75mm or 100 mm blinding concrete is arranged. Blinding concrete should be garde 20/20 SRC (Sulphate Resisting concrete).

The blinding concrete facilitates to arrange a solid and flat surface for the reinforcement of raft foundation.

The curing polythene sheets should be arranged instantly after finishing and when the concrete is set, it should be substituted with hessian cloth and should be retained wet unless the surface becomes fully dry.

Once the blinding surface becomes dry, water proofing of surface should be started according to sanctioned specification.

Step 4: Once water proofing is done, perfect planning should be undertaken for the shuttering work, all material should be retained on a plate form and steel bars should be installed with adherence to sanctioned shop drawings of the surrounding. All working space should maintain neat & clean to get rid of accidents at site.

Upon the completion of the reinforcement work, the contractor should sanction it from the supervision consultants for pouring the concrete.



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Published By
Arka Roy
www.constructioncost.co
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Some popular IS Codes in building construction

A code demonstrates the consent of opinion of experienced engineers and professionals.

The codes offer the instructions for the design and construction of structures. They are modified repeatedly to take account new progress (in research, materials, construction methods, etc..) & experience obtained from earlier design practice, behavior of prevailing structures, and collapsing of structures.

Codes include proposed loads for a specified locality, and proposed safeguard for fire and corrosion. They also comprise of rules to manage the processes in which loads should be employed as well as design rules. These rules should be available as detailed recommendations or by reference to other standards that offer specific design rules. The codes should be treated as supports to the design that comprise of stress levels, design formulae, and recommendations for good practice.

The codes primarily offer the following functionalities :-

• They guarantee sufficient structural protection, by designating specific crucial minimum requirements for the design.
• They help the designer in the design method. Often the analysis are accessible like simple formula or charts.
• They make sure to maintain uniformity among several engineers.
• They safeguard the structural engineer from disputes, through codes in various cases do not provide legal protection.

Given below, the detail lists of IS codes which are commonly utilized for Building Construction Practices.

IS 883:1994 Code of practice for create the design of structural timber in building
IS 965:1963 Identical metric units for scales, dimensions and quantities in general construction work.
IS 1414:1989 Code of practice for the settlement of wall coverings.
IS 1477(Part 1):1971 Code of practice for painting of ferrous metals in buildings: Part 1 Pre treatment.
IS 1477(Part 2):1971 Code of practice for painting of ferrous metals in buildings: Part 2 Painting.
IS 1597(Part 1):1992 Code of practice for construction of stone masonry: Part 1 Rubble stone masonry
IS 1597(Part 2):1992 Code of practice for construction of stone masonry: Part 2 Ashlar masonry

IS 1634:1992 Code of practice for design and construction of wood stairs for houses
IS 1649:1962 Code of practice for design and construction of flues and chimneys for domestic heating appliances
IS 1834:1984 Specification for hot applied sealing compound for joints in concrete
IS 1838(Part 1):1983 Specification for preformed fillers for expansion joint in concrete pavement and structures (non extruding and resilient type): Part 1 Bitumen impregnated fibre
IS 1838(Part 2):1984 Specification for preformed fillers for expansion joint in concrete pavement and structures (non extruding and resilient type) Part 2 CNSL Aldehyde resin and coconut pith
IS 1905:1987 Code of practice for structural use of unreinforced masonry
IS 1946:1961 Code of practice for use of fixing devices in walls, ceilings and floors of solid construction

To get more detail lists, go through the following link enginneringcivil.blogspot.com



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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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The construction process and benefits of cavity walls

Cavity wall stands for a double wall that comprises of two individual walls of masonry known as skins or leaves which are detached with an air space and connected jointly through metal ties at proper distances.

These walls are normally used as outside walls but sometimes used also as interior walls because of good sound.

Construction Methods of Cavity Wall

The two leaves of a cavity wall contain same thickness when it belongs to a non load bearing wall or the inside leaf becomes thicker as compared to exterior leaf to comply with the structural needs.

The interior and exterior skins of the wall are sufficiently knotted jointly with special wall ties involving minimum five ties per square meter of wall.

The cavity wall should not remain under 40mm nor over 100 mm in width.

A vertical damp proof course should be provided at window and door reveals so that moisture can not penetrate in the wall. The damp proof course should be adaptable.

Building Regulations For Cavity Wall
As per the norms of building codes, the double wall should be normally 265 mm or 275 mm thick and comprises of 102.5 mm interior and exterior skins and 60-70 mm cavity (sufficient for 2 storied domestic building).

The interior leaf should be raised to 215 mm or more in thickness encountering heavier load or floors. For stone faced buildings, the exterior leaf should be 103-206 mm and interior leaf should be 102.5 mm. The width of cavity in between differs from 50 – 70 mm.

Benefits of cavity walls

1. In these types of walls, there are no scopes for entering of moisture from the exterior wall to the interior wall.
2. The layer of air in the cavity does not transmit heat and minimizes the transition of heat from the exterior face to interior face.
3. It functions as damp barrier and lessens the cooling cost of the building.
4. The cost of building up a 275 mm cavity wall will be low as compared to build up a 328 mm solid wall.
5. It is inexpensive as compared to exterior or interior wall insulation.
6. It retains the thickness of the existing wall.
7. Minimum disruption is required for set up.
8. It can minimize condensation significantly.



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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Building Construction: Principles, Materials and Systems” – An exclusive construction book for civil engineering students

Medan Mehta, Walter Scarborough and Diane Armpriest have published an exclusive construction book alias Building Construction: Principles, Materials and Systems. The book is available in paperback version.

Madan Mehta, B.Arch., M.Bdg.Sc., Ph.D., P.E., is a faculty member at the School of Architecture, University of Texas at Arlington. Walter R. Scarborough, CSI, SCIP, AIA, is Vice President and Regional Manager for Hall Building Information Group, LLC. Diane Armpriest, M.L.A., M. Arch., is Associate Professor and Chair, Faculty of Architecture and Interior Design, College of Art and Architecture, University of Idaho.

The science of building construction and design is changing in a rapid pace than earlier stage. The second edition of this outstanding text is created on the basis of the earlier version. It combines the most recent updates available, highlights numerous new pieces of artwork and is available with full color. The book is published by an author team having several years of experience in architecture, building construction, engineering and teaching, Building Construction: Principles, Materials and Systems 2nd Edition is a wide-ranging and completely demonstrated introduction to construction methods and materials.

Primarily this construction book focuses on principles of construction in part one and materials and systems of construction in part two. This organization promotes a clear-cut understanding of general concepts prior to advancing to more complicated concepts. Point up to a visual approach to learning, it comprises over 1,400 original examples and an additional large trim size (9” x 12”) that offers an open and inviting layout for engineering students.

Buy Now

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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