How to analyze rate for brick masonry work

While analyzing the rate of brickwork, it is essential to ascertain the quantities of materials (bricks and mortar) and labors. There are different types of ratios for mortar which range from 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 etc. Go through the following like to determine the quantity of mortar.

Estimating the quantity of bricks is necessary for the rate analysis.

Quantity Estimation for Brick Masonry - To analyze the rate of brick masonry, 1m3 of brick masonry is taken:

1. Number of bricks for 1 cubic meter of brick masonry:
For 1m3 of brick masonry, the number of typical size of bricks must be 494.

2. Quantity of mortar for 1m3 of brick masonry:

For 1m3 of brickwork, the quantity of the mortar should be 25 – 30%, i.e. 0.25m3 – 0.3m3 of cement masonry. For this purpose, cement mortar is selected as 0.3m3 .

Labor Estimation for Brick Masonry:
Labors which are essential for brick masonry belong to mason for brick work, labours for transmitting materials (sand, cement, bricks, and water), mixing and transporting mortar.

The quantity of labor is provided as requirement of labour in longer period for 1m3 of brick masonry.

1. Mason: The quantity of mason necessary for 1m3 of brickwork is provided as 0.94 days.
2. Labor: The quantity of labor for different types of works like carriage of materials, blending of mortar, carrying of mortar etc. are amassed. The labour necessary for 1m3 of brick masonry is for 1.57 days.

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Some useful methods for estimating building works

The following method are useful for working out various building quantities like earth work, foundation concrete, brickwork in plinth and super structure etc.

a) Long wall – short wall method
b) Centre line method.
c) Partly centre line and short wall method.

a) Long wall-short wall method: Under this method, the wall along the length of room is treated as long wall whereas the wall that is situated vertically to long wall is called short wall. To find out the length of long wall or short wall, initially compute the length of centre line for separate walls. Then compute the length of long wall, (out to out) once half breadth at each end is added to its centre line length. Therefore, the length of short wall is calculated into in and is built by subtracting half breadth from its centre line length at each end. The length of long wall normally declines from earth work to brick work in super structure whereas the short wall enlarges. In order to obtain quantities, multiply these lengths with breadth and depth.

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www.constructioncost.co
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Step by Step Guide to Hard Plaster a Brick Wall

After constructing a brick wall, we need to plaster it. This is to prevent water ingress into the brickwork since bricks absorb water from outside. Also, to make up the issues in underlying brickwork like plumb-outs, diagonal-outs, etc. And lastly, it also helps prepare a proper base for further painting works (Putty application, paint application, wall paper application, etc.)

Now let us look at the step by step process of applying a hard plaster on a brick wall

Preparing the wall – Remove any excess dust and dirt from the wall with the help of a paint brush. Lightly brush the bricks with water as it helps the plaster to stick. Lay drop sheets in front of the wall.

Prepare the plaster mix – Before you proceed any further put on your dust mask, safety glasses and protective gloves. Add water in your mixing bucket. Add three buckets of sand and half a bucket of cement and half a bucket of lime. Use a mixer to combine all the elements.

Scooping up the plaster – Put a corner of the hawk into the plaster and use a trowel to push the mix onto the hawk. Rest the trowel on the hawk, tilt the hawk back and scrape the plaster onto the trowel.

Apply the plaster on the wall – Start from the top and from the right, work up to the bottom and the left while applying the plaster. Spread the mortar evenly across the wall. Use the brick lines as a guide. Start at the bottom of a brick and spread the plaster upwards about two to three bricks. Continue until the entire wall is covered.

Screed the wall – After the plaster is dry to touch, screed the wall to remove excess plaster and give it a flat finish.

Check for level plaster – Hold the spirit level vertically against the wall to ensure flatness, rub spirit level in areas of uneven plaster to flatten it.

Screed the wall – Screed the areas you rubbed with spirit level.

Patch up the wall - After the last screed, there might be areas where the plaster is uneven or patchy. Use the trowel and hawk to apply plaster where it’s needed.

Screed the wall - Again screed to flatten after patching

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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Basic differences among foundation & footing

Foundation: It is the portion of a building that is built up underneath the ground level and keeps direct contact with sub-strata. It transfers the complete load of the building to the subsoil in which it stands in such a manner that settlement of the soil is not collapsed in shear.

Footing: It is the bottom most part of a vertical structure (column, wall) that finally transmits the weight from walls and columns to the soil or bedrock.

Footing is mainly the segment of foundation of any modern structure.

Variation among footing and foundation

Given below, the basic variations among Footing and Foundation:

1
The footing is a formation that is in touch with the ground.

Foundation belongs to a structure that transfers its gravity loads to earth from superstructure.

2
Footing is analogized with the feet of the leg.
Foundation is compared with legs.

3
The footing refers to a type of shallow foundation.
Foundation is both shallow and deep.

4
Footing comprises of slab, rebar which are made of brickwork, masonry or concrete.
Foundation types comprise piles, caissons, footings, piers, the lateral supports, and anchors.

5
Footing reinforces support to a separate column.
Foundation stands for an extensive support since it provides support to a group of footings as a whole building.

6
A number of footings rest on a foundation.
Foundation is the support that sustains different types of loadings.

7
A footing remains under the foundation wall.
Foundations stand for the basement walls.

8
Footing directly transfers loads to the soil.
Foundation is directly related with the soil and passes it on the ground.

9
All footings are foundations.
Not all foundations are footings.

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www.constructioncost.co

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Method of silt content test

Sand is considered as one of the vital construction materials for concrete, plastering, brickwork and flooring. Therefore, it is always recommended to use standard quality sand in the construction works.

To check the quality of sand, silt content test should be conducted. Silt content stands for a fine material that is lower than 150 micron. It becomes unstable in the existence of water.

When silty sand is applied for bonding, the strength will be decreased and rework should be required. It is mostly found when the plastering is going on for roof where the plaster continuously peels off at the time of being plastered with the mortar.

Extreme quantity of silt decreases the bonding of cement and fine aggregates as well as hampers the strength and stability of work.

In the job site, it is required to carry out silt test for each 20 Cum of sand although it may differ.

Silt Content Test for Sand

Purpose: Determine the silt content in sand (fine aggregate).

Necessary Tools:

• 250 ml measuring cylinder
• Water
• Sand & Tray

Test Method:

• Initially, the measuring cylinder should be filled with 1% solution of salt and water up to 50 ml.
• Include sand to it unless the level goes to 100 ml. Then fill the solution up to 150 ml level.
• Cover the cylinder and shake it properly.
• Once 3 hours are completed, the silt content settled down over the sand layer.
• Now record the individual volume of silt layer as V1 ml (settled over the sand).

• Then record the sand volume (underneath the silt) as V2 ml.
• Apply the method twice to obtain the average value.
• Silt Content = V1 / V2 x 100

The allowable silt content in sand percentage should be only 6%.

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www.constructioncost.co
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Sample quotation for constructing an indoor badminton court

In this civil engineering article, you will get a sample quotation with quantities of construction material to design and develop an indoor badminton court.

SPECIFICATIONS: MAIN FEATURES –

• The structure should contain a basement height of 1’0” from Natural ground level.
• Footing pit size 4’x4’x6’-10mm dia @8” c/c main, 8mm dia @8” c/c alternate.
• Column size – 9”x9” (6 nos 16mm dia and stirrups 8mm dia @8” c/c)

• Plinth size – 9”x9” (4nos 12mm dia main reinforcement and stirrups 8mm dia @ 8” c/c)
• Brickwork should be done with superior quality chamber bricks containing cement mortar in 1:6.
• Basement height 2’-0” Basement inside filling with soil. Over the soil PCC is laid with 1:4:8 with 40mm blue metal.
• Plastering with cement mortar 1:4 exterior wall.
• One coat of white cement and two coats of Asian exterior emulsion should be applied.
• Grano flooring with blue metal chips over PCC in the basement.

THE FOLLOWING MATERIALS ARE UTILIZED:–

• CEMENT: Dalmia/Ultratech/Ramco
• BRICKS: Chamber
• STEEL: ISI
• SHEET: JSW CCGL0.47
• PAINT: ASIAN Paint

Total Area of the Building is supposed to be 54’-0” x 54’-0” = 2916.sq.ft.
Subject: Metal Roofing Shed
‘A’ Truss Length x Width: 58’ Feet x 54’ Feet =3132.Sq. Ft
CLADDING WORK (27’x54’) + (27’x54’) + (30’x54’) + (30’x54’) =6156. Sq. ft

Sub: Fabrication and construction of traditional steel structure with Cooler coated Galvalume.

Columns: Delivery and installation of 12 Numers.150×100 Columns (MS I BEAM Height 32’ Feet) Columns Base Plates should have 20 mm thickness 300 mmX300mm & Columns top Plates should have 8 mm thickness.

Base foundation 25 mm 1’5’Feet 48 Numbers
Columns Bracing Support ( X 4 Numbers)

A Type Trusses: Delivery and installation of of 4 Numbers. Trusses 54.0” Feet span formed 50X50mm MS Square Pipe Bottom Rafter as 50X50mm MS pipe with inner cross 30X30 Straight as 30X30 mm pipes medium (ISI 2mm thickness) Lighting Support 1 No Inclusive.

Paint Works: One coat of premier & two coats of enamel paint.

Roof Sheet: Color coated Galvalume CCGL JSW sheet (0.47mm) and its accessories.

Purlin > 60×40 (ISI 2mm thickness) Square Tube purlin.(1000+1300=1Numbers)

To get more details, click on the following link www.onlinecivilforum.com

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Calculation of the quantities cement, sand & water in mortar for any brickwork

In this civil engineering video tutorial, you will learn how to work out the quantities of cement, sand and water in the mortar of any brickwork construction. Also learn how to calculate wastage.

The volume of mortar in a brick wall can be calculated as follow :-

Volume of brick wall = total volume of all bricks + volume of mortar

So, volume of mortar = Volume of brick wall – total volume of all bricks except mortar

The calculation is done in the following ways :

Total volume of bricks with mortar is taken as 10 cubic meter

The thickness of mortar is considered as 10 mm

The proportion of cement and sand = 1:6

The size of each brick = 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm

The size of brick with mortar = 200 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm (after adding 10 mm mortar thickness)

Volume of each brick along with mortar = Length x Breadth x Height = 0.2 x 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.002 cum (here, each is divided with 1000)

So, total numbers of bricks in 10 cum = 10 / 0.002 = 5000

The volume of each brick except mortar = 0.19 x 0.09 x 0.09 = 0.001539 cum

The volume required for 5000 numbers of bricks = 0.001539 x 5000 = 7.695 cum

So, volume of mortar = Volume of total brick work with mortar – Volume of total bricks = 10 – 7.695 = 2.305 cum (wet volume)

Because of frog filling, brick joint filling as well as wastage, the quantity is raised by 15%.

So, the volume of wet mortar = 2.305 + (15% of 2.305) = 2.651 cum or cubic meter.

To covert wet mortar to dry mortar add 33% as follow :-

Volume of dry mortar = 2.651 + (33% of 2.651) = 3.526 cum

The quantities of cement, sand and water will be calculated as follow :-

Cement = Volume of dry mortar x ratio of cement / sum of ratio x density of cement = 3.526 x 1/7 x 1440 = 725.348 = 14.51 bags (sum of ratio = 1+6 = 7)

Sand = Volume of dry mortar x ratio of sand / sum of ratio x 35.3147 (1 cum = 35.3147 cft) = 3.526 x 6/7 x 35.3147 = 107 cft or cubic feet

Suppose, the ratio of water and cement = 0.45

So, water / cement = 0.45

Water = 0.45 x cement = 0.45 x 725.348 = 326 litres.

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Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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Step-by-step guidelines to estimate bricks of a wall

This construction video will introduce you to step-by-step by procedures for estimating the bricks of a wall. The video will provide useful information to select a brick size, lay out modular dimensions with the preferred size as well as generate a materials estimate for brick and mortar.

Brick are formed with different types of sizes and placed in the diverse patterns. Most patterns of brickwork abide by a common module that allows easy dimensioning of the brickwork and any masonry openings.

Usually, it becomes easier for the designers to reduce the number of cuts of entire brick by dimensioning to a module. With a clear idea on the size of the brick and bond pattern, it is possible to produce an estimation of the number of brick and amount of mortar required for the project.

The measurements and dimensions equal to brick manufactured mainly in the United States to a standard module of 4 in. (102 mm). Brick manufactured for projects that needs metric dimensions, generally comply with a module of 100 mm (3.94 in.).

BRICK SIZES

There are different sizes of brick and each size has different utility. As for instance, larger brick are built up to upsurge bricklaying economy, and thinner brick facilitates saving resources.

Brick Orientation

There exist three dimensions for a brick – width alias thickness, height and length. Even though brick is placed in six dissimilar orientations, these dimensions can be applied to a brick that is placed as a stretcher. Height and length are often known as face dimensions, as these dimensions are applicable when the brick is placed as a stretcher.

Brick Dimensions

A brick contains three various sets of dimensions - nominal, specified and actual. Proper care & perfectness should be taken so that any confusion can be evaded throughout design and construction.

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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