Foundation3D – A powerful construction tool for footing analysis and design

Foundation3D is a powerful tool that can be used for analyzing and designing spread and combined footing. The design of soil or pile supported foundation can be completed without any difficulty.

This tool is best suited for for creating the design of foundations for industrial equipment like horizontal exchangers and vessels, vertical vessels or towers, pipe racks and other plant supports.

By creating foundation design automatically, Foundation3D can constantly fulfill or outdo your project schedule requirements. Foundation3D facilitates to considerably enhance your productivity at each phase of your project ranging from equipment-specific automated load calculations to generating design sketches.

MAIN FEATURES:

• International Design Codes: Compatible with various international concrete design codes to finish the global projects successfully.
• User Defined Parameters: There are various customizable design options like concrete cover, pile arrangement and lots others to facilitate fulfilling different types of project specifications.
• Load Generation: Computes different types of equipment loads along with wind loads instantly and precisely to save significant times for load calculation.
• Load Cases and Combinations: Produces load cases and combinations for equipment foundation design which are mostly utilized and reduce major design time
• Soil/Pile Supported Designs: Accomplishes both soil and pile supported foundation designs in an collaborative surrounding facilitating you to explore with various “what-if” scenarios for getting best solution
• Analysis/Design Modes: Provides supports to both analysis and design modes for successful execution of your grass-roots or revamp projects, minimizing the total cost of ownership

• Numerous Foundation Components Design: Accomplishes the design process of several elements concerning a foundation like pedestals and footing, saving you the cost of learning multiple software solutions
• Rebar Layouts: Produces the layouts of rebar in pedestals and footings with customization options
• Material Quantities: Creates the material quantities to produce perfect cost estimates to your customers each time, at each stage of the project
• Detailed Design Sketches: Creates a detailed design sketch along with foundation plan, elevation, and sections, facilitating you to sum up the finalized design efficiently

• 2D Drawings: Collaborates with most recognized CAD engines to deliver 2D construction drawings, allowing you to control your design-drawing environment and human resources competently
• 3D Models: Collaborates with robust modeling tools to produce 3D models of the completed foundation design, facilitating you to fulfill or outdo compressed, variable project schedule requirements
• Multiple Reporting Options: Produces various types of customizable reports for your internal or client requirements
• Import Wizard: Imports support geometry and reactions from any superstructure software solution to execute foundation design instantly, enhancing your productivity.

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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Cutting Length of Triangular Stirrups

It is an easy drawn way with formulas about calculating the cutting length of the Triangular Stirrups. Follow the link for the video.

To calculate the cutting length of Triangular Stirrups first a column need to be drawn. Then with a diagram of 8mm a triangle is drawn into the column. The length of the column is 600mm and the height is 500mm.

The main bar with the black dotted need to be found out. The center to centre of the triangle is dotted and the height and weight need to calculate. By applying the formulas and the drawn figure you can calculate it correctly.

Follow the link for better result.

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co

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Engineering Mathematics: YouTube Workbook – A good resource for civil engineering students

Engineering Mathematics: YouTube Workbook is an exclusive e-book for construction and engineering professionals. The book is written by Dr Chris Tisdell, a mathematician at UNSW, Sydney and a YouTube Partner in Education.

With the blend of free written exercises with free online video tutorials on the Author's YouTube channel, the book spreads out the free and open education among the engineering students all through the world. Each chapter within the workbook is associated with a video lesson on YouTube where the author briefly explains and resolves problems step-by-step.

The study materials in this book are available online and the students can obtain them at once and as per geographical location that fulfills their requirements.

Under this workbook, every chapter is segregated into learning modules (subsections), each contains its own standalone video tutorial.

One can watch the online video through the hyperlink situated at the top of the page of every learning module, with workbook and paper / tablet at the ready. Alternatively, once can click on the Engineering Mathematics YouTube Workbook playlist to get all the videos for the workbook in sequential order:

The subject material is developed on the basis of the author's lectures to engineering students at UNSW, Sydney. The readers can utilize this workbook as a revision tool and get the ability to resolve their own set of problems.

Two semesters of calculus is an indispensable requirement for anyone who wants to apply this workbook.

To download a free copy, click on the following link bookboon.com

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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How to find out water absorption ratio in bricks

This construction video tutorial is made on the topic of water absorption test in brick.

The video starts with selecting some bricks out of a series of bricks and keep them aside. Mark them with the numbers 1,2 and 3. These bricks have to undergo a hot pack process by immersing them into a bucket filled with hot water at the room temperature of 280C. Pour more water to maintain the adequate level of the water. Keep this suturing method continued for 24 hours.

After the completion of 24 hours the bricks are taken out from the water tank one by one. After that, with the use of a cotton cloth, the bricks are wiped off and cleaned. Now take the weights of these bricks and denote them with W2 i.e. weight of the bricks in saturated conditions. The weight is taken through a digital weighing machine. All the values of weight are recorded in a paper.

Now the bricks are transferred to a hot air oven for water hydration test at 1050C and keep them for 24 hours.

After completion of 24 hours, turn of the power of the oven and take out the bricks and put them in a tray. Now, again take the weight of the bricks through the digital weighing machine and denote them with W1 i.e. weight of the brick in dry condition. All the values are recorded in a paper.

The weight of brick in dry condition (W1) in Kg is given as follow :-
Specimen 1 = 2.896, Specimen 2 = 2.945, Specimen 3 = 2.902

Weight of Brick in Saturated Condition (W2) in Kg is given as follow :-
Specimen 1 = 3.025, Specimen 2 = 2.987, Specimen 3 = 2.980

In order to find out the percentage of water, apply the following formula :-

W2 – W1/W1 x 100

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co

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How to examine brickwork in a wall

After completion of brickworks, it is required to examine the brickworks with the following four steps:

• Gauge - Examine the height of the course
• Level – Ensure that the perfect level is maintained for course 
• Plumb – Ensure that the wall is vertical
• Straight - Ensure the wall is straight

These examination works should be initiated while each course is placed and in this order to certify that the previous checks remain unaffected.

Gauge: While going to develop any wall, it's required to retain the courses at the corners at the equivalent height with the help of a gauge board.

Demarcate a piece of timber with marks similar to gaping of one brick height as well as the density of the bed joint (generally a total of 75cm).

Utilize the rod at the corner when each course starts and verify that it maintains the exact height, on uneven ground, begin by providing a datum peg next to the wall in order that the gauge rod is place smoothly.

Level: To maintain the exact level of the course, apply a spirit level. As the corner bricks are arranged to the proper height, so any modification is made by accomodating the bricks in from the corner. Bricks are not developed with very tight tolerances. Therefore, just level the portions of the bricks which connect the base of the spirit level.

Plumb: Verify that the wall face is vertical with the use of a spirit level, tap the brick over the wall as required to modify the brick as per requirement. It should not be done for both sides of the wall, select one side as 'the face' and just plumb that side. Perform it along the wall, placing the points roughly just under the length of the spirit level.

Examine both sides of corners.

Straight: Apply a straight edge among the points which are plumed earlier to straighten the course. Tap the bricks as required.

Similar to plumbing the wall, only examine the face of the wall without straightening both sides.

It is not possible that the straight edge will connect every brick over its whole face, attempt to have the centre of each brick to connect the straight edge and the two ends of the brick approximately positioned from it correspondingly.

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Setting Process of Cement

The reaction of cement starts immediately when the water is mixed. In it’s pure and finely ground form, it is extremely sensitive to water. Out of the three main compounds of cement, i.e. C3A, C3S, C2S, reacts quickly with water. They produce a jelly-like mixture that starts solidifying. This changing action from fluid to solid is called ‘Setting’ (not ‘hardening’).

In the next stage of hydration, cement paste starts hardening itself to the reaction of C3S and C2S with water. After that it become more harden and dominant. Once initial stiffing has taken place, it should be hardened or gain strength as soon as possible so the risk of frost damage in frozen climate is minimized. The exact timing should always be followed.

“Initial setting time” is defined the period elapsing between the times when water is added to the cement and the required section fails to pierce the test block to a depth from the bottom of the mould.

“The final setting time” is defined as the period elapsing between the time when water is added to cement and the time at which the needle of certain section with required attachment makes an impressive on the test block.

The compressive strength test is based on two functions to fulfill. 1. Final check on the quality of the cement. 2. In case of any doubt, it also helps to classify the cements according to their strength.

The difference between setting and hardening cement is: cement is said to harden when the paste further reacts with water into action. Hardening is associated with the development of strength.

Source: theconstructor.org

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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How to determine the cutting length of stirrups

This construction article is extracted from an exclusive article written by Sourav Dutta, Manager-Civil.

Normally, the stirrups are assigned with its external dimensions. As for instance, a 250mm x 300mm stirrup contains the 250mm and 300mm dimensions in perpendicular directions as illustrated in the following figure.

Now, a stirrup contains 2 bends, in the following figures, the types of bends are given. Guideline of lowest bend length is adhered to Cl.3.8 of BIS2502 (illustrated in following figure).

The cutting length of stirrup should be calculated along along centre-line. The calculation is made on the basis of the Table VIII of BIS2502 (Fig 4) toward most common sizes of stirrups as illustrated.

In accordance with IS:2502 – 1963 (reaffirmed 2004) Indian standard code for Bending and fixings of bars for concrete reinforcements.

Section 3.8 Binders, Stirrups, Links and the Like – Toward binders, stirrups, links etc, the straight section apart end of the curve at the end should not be under eight times the nominal size of the bar.

It should be observed in Table VIII that the dimensions “A”, “E” or “C” as demonstrated are all internal dimensions. But as external dimensions of any stirrup, determine the size of the stirrup, hence to work out cutting length, the internal dimensions are changed to external dimensions prior to apply the formula of cutting length.

To read the complete article, click on the following link. www.engineeringcivil.com

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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