How to minimize efflorescence in fresh concrete masonry walls

There are different types of methods which are very useful to lessen the efflorescence in new construction of masonry walls. Efflorescence reduction processes should be initiated on a regular basis to obtain the perfect result.

To use these processes in an efficient manner, sufficient knowledge and understanding is needed. Given below, the detail information on different types of processes which are most effective to reduce probable efflorescence on bricks.

Processes to decrease efflorescence in newly constructed masonry walls:

Lessening of water penetration into masonry wall
Instantly ejecting infiltrated or condensed water from masonry wall
Avoid the connection among the bricks having diverse chemicals composition
Decrease quantity of efflorescence compounds in materials of masonry wall

Lessening of water penetration specifically wind driven rain water into masonry wall.

Various measures are undertaken throughout the construction of masonry walls to reduce water that may enter into the wall. Given below, the details of measures:

1. Create a strong bonding among masonry units and mortar: A strong bond among masonry units is possible if specific construction measures are undertaken at the time of building masonry wall.

2. As for instance, employing mortar that supports masonry units, seal both bed and head mortar joints adequately if solid units are utilized, sufficiently fill bed and meet shell joints in case hollow masonry units are utilized, combine mortar joint from ousted face of the wall.
3. Proper precautions should be taken to get rid of water penetration, particularly rain, into partly constructed walls and wall opening.
4. Movement joints in the masonry wall should have been designed, arranged and filled in an efficient manner.

5. Close masonry wall-roof interface with flashing.
6. Build overhands to safeguard masonry wall from rain water.
7. It is recommended to add either appropriate water repellent admixture to concrete masonry units or water repellent coating to the concrete masonry wall.
8. Various masonry building components like chimney cops, sills and copings should be built up from solid masonry units, reinforced concrete, corrosion resistant metals or stone.

These components should be expanded and surpassed masonry wall face by 2.5cm and flashings and weep holes should be arranged.

It is advisable to slope (preferably 1:4) these components and affix them to the masonry walls. The movement joints should be perfectly sized and positioned as well as closed satisfactorily.

For further information, go through the following article theconstructor.org




Read more

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

How to examine brickwork in a wall

After completion of brickworks, it is required to examine the brickworks with the following four steps:

• Gauge - Examine the height of the course
• Level – Ensure that the perfect level is maintained for course 
• Plumb – Ensure that the wall is vertical
• Straight - Ensure the wall is straight

These examination works should be initiated while each course is placed and in this order to certify that the previous checks remain unaffected.

Gauge: While going to develop any wall, it's required to retain the courses at the corners at the equivalent height with the help of a gauge board.

Demarcate a piece of timber with marks similar to gaping of one brick height as well as the density of the bed joint (generally a total of 75cm).

Utilize the rod at the corner when each course starts and verify that it maintains the exact height, on uneven ground, begin by providing a datum peg next to the wall in order that the gauge rod is place smoothly.

Level: To maintain the exact level of the course, apply a spirit level. As the corner bricks are arranged to the proper height, so any modification is made by accomodating the bricks in from the corner. Bricks are not developed with very tight tolerances. Therefore, just level the portions of the bricks which connect the base of the spirit level.

Plumb: Verify that the wall face is vertical with the use of a spirit level, tap the brick over the wall as required to modify the brick as per requirement. It should not be done for both sides of the wall, select one side as 'the face' and just plumb that side. Perform it along the wall, placing the points roughly just under the length of the spirit level.

Examine both sides of corners.

Straight: Apply a straight edge among the points which are plumed earlier to straighten the course. Tap the bricks as required.

Similar to plumbing the wall, only examine the face of the wall without straightening both sides.

It is not possible that the straight edge will connect every brick over its whole face, attempt to have the centre of each brick to connect the straight edge and the two ends of the brick approximately positioned from it correspondingly.

Read more
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Brief demonstration on counterfort retaining wall

This construction video is the part 2 series of retaining wall design. In this video, you will learn various aspects of counterfort retaining wall along with the details of stability checks.

The video includes brief calculation made for cantilever and counterfort wall.

In the counterfort retaining wall, the step and the base slab are connected unitedly with counterforts at proper gaps.

As a consequence of provision of counterforts, the vertical stem together with the heel slab performs as continuous slab, contrary to the cantilevers of cantilever retaining wall.

They are inexpensive for height in excess of about 6 m.

Read more

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~