Brief overview of various building elements necessary for reinforced concrete structure

1st Floor: It belongs to the floor that contains 1 storey height over ground.

Basement Floor: The floor that is located at basement of the building. It is also known as cellar. The basement floor is situated either entirely or partly underneath the ground floor. A basement is utilized closely in the similar way like a supplementary above-ground floor of a house or other building.

The application of basements mainly based on several factors associated with a specific geographical area like climate, soil, seismic activity, building technology, and real estate economics.

The concrete floor in most basements is not included in the foundation structurally except the basement walls. With the surge of warm air, basements are normally cooler compared with the remaining part of the house. In summer, it makes basements damp, because of the greater relative humidity.

Basement Wall: The wall that encircles the basement floor is known as the basement wall and it considered as a vital portion of the foundation structurally. The basement walls stands for shear walls which have the ability to withstand the lateral loads also. Besides, these walls are considered as highly non-porous and water-defiant.

Column Bracket: Column Bracket is over hanged from the column and it is useful for hanging or affixing lamps, bulbs or other accessories to it similar to road signs.

Column Capital: Column capital belongs to an architectural element that is utilized for aesthetic purposes to develop the uppermost member of a column.

Drop Panels: The objective of drop panels is to solidify the slab around the column in flat slabs to get rid of punching shear. As flat slabs do not contain stirrups, shear is defended by solidifying the slab around the column to raise the concrete in shear. Beams are also applied, but normally drop panels are most effective to get rid of conflicts with the electro-mechanical works of the structure.

Exterior Columns: These are the columns which provide support to the primary structure of the building. Normally in frame structures, the exterior columns are very crucial and sustain the load of the building as well as withstand environmental factors like wind, rain, and other physical factors.

Flat Plate: These are the slabs to be attached with the columns directly. Flat plate system is mostly recognized by the engineers as it offers huge benefits. The system can curtail the height of the building, offer more flexible spatial planning as there are no beams. It also minimizes the material cost significantly. But the issue is that it can be easily broken and may collapse against punching shear. Because of the comparatively small floor loading and the tight column spacing, flat plate construction is getting popular.

To combat greater loading and larger column spacing, column capitals are necessary, and for even bigger spans to decrease the self-weight, waffle slabs are required.

To get more information, go through the following article www.aboutcivil.org

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Published By

Rajib Dey

www.constructioncost.co

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Basic needs of a Building

The planning and construction of a building is undertaken on the basis of the following conditions :-

Strength and Stability – There should be proper arrangement for building to transmit the probable loads securely to the ground through it full lifecycle. Proper safeguard should be taken for designing various types of structural elements like slabs, beams, walls, columns and footing. All the structural components should be free from buckling, overturning and collapsing.

Dimensional Stability - The structural elements become instable due to extreme deformation that may lead to crack in walls, flooring etc. All the structural elements should have been designed in such a manner so that the allowable values mentioned in the codes should remain within limit.

Resilience to Dampness - Dampness in a building is a vital concern as it may endanger the life of the building. To get rid of dampness, proper precaution should be taken in planning and in the construction of the building.

Resistance to Fire: To maintain fire resistance capacity, the building should abide by the following basic needs mentioned in the codes:

• the structure should not be inflammable easily.
• there should be perfect building orientation to resist the scattering of fire quickly.
• to escape from fire, there should be ways of smooth access to depart from building rapidly.

Heat Insulation- A building should be properly oriented and designed to protect inside area from heat.
Sound Insulation – The planning for building should be done in such a manner to protect from outdoor and indoor noises.
Safeguard from Termite – Proper protection should be taken for buildings against termite.

Stability - Each and every element of the building should be stable enough.
Security against Burglary - This is the basic requirement that the owner of the building look forward to.
Lighting and Ventilation- To maintain a healthful life, there should sufficient natural light and ventilations.

Diffused light and good cross ventilation should be retained within the building.

Comforts and Amenities – Different types of units in the building should be perfectly grouped and incorporated ensuring the comfort and amenities of the user.

Read more

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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