How to estimate cement bags in 1 cubic meter

Suppose the proportion of nominal mix is 1:2:4 (one part cement, 2 part sand and 4 part aggregate)

Wastage of cement is taken as 2%
Output of mix is provided as 67%.

For 1 cum output, the requirement of dry mix is 1/0.67 = 1.49 say 1.50 cum.
After including the wastage (2%), the output will be (1.50 + 0.02) = 1.52 cum.
Volume of cement = (cement/cement+sand+aggregate) × Total material

= (1/1+2+4) × 1.52
=0.2171 cum
The density of cement is 1440 kg/cum and
Weight of 1 bag cement = 50 kg.

So, volume of 1 bag cement = 50/1440
=0.0347 cum.
No. of cement bags essential in 1 cubic meter = 0.2171/0.0347
= 6.25 bags.
The above formula can be utilized for measuring cement for other nominal mixes.

To get more details, watch the following video tutorial.



Read more

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Units of measurement used in surveying & construction works

Unit of measurement is also known as the International System of Units, or SI. Units of measure in the metric system. The units of length or linear size are derived from the metre. They comprise of the kilometre (km) that is 1000 meters, the centimetre (cm), and the millimetre (mm) which is 1/1000th of a meter.

A unit of measurement refers to a specific magnitude of a quantity, described and approved by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity.

Any other quantity of that type can be stated as a multiple of the unit of measurement. As for instance, a length is a physical quantity.

Standard unit of measurement :-

Type - U.S. Unit - Metric Unit
Length - Inches, Feet, Yards, Miles - Millimeters, Centimeters, Meters, Kilometers
Weight - Ounces, Pounds - Grams, Kilograms
Time - Seconds, Minutes, Hours - Seconds, Minutes, Hours
Volume - Ounces, Gallons - Milliliters, Liters

Given below, the details of measurements which are utilized in surveying and construction works :-

For construction work: feet, inches, fractions of inches (m, mm)
For most surveys: feet, tenths, hundredths, thousandths (m, mm)

For National Geodetic Survey (NGS) control surveys: meters, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 m

The following equivalents are used frequently :-

1 meter=39.37 in =3.2808 ft
1 rod =1 pole=1 perch=16.5ft(5.029 m)
1 engineer’s chain =100 ft =100 links (30.48 m)
1 Gunter’s chain= 66 ft (20.11 m) =100

Gunter’s links(lk)=4 rods=0.020 km
1 acre=100,000 sq (Gunter’s) links=43,560ft2 = 160 rods2 =10 sq (Gunter’s) chains=4046.87m2 = 0.4047 ha
1 rood=1011.5 m2 =40 rods2
1 ha= 10,000 m2 =107,639.10 ft2 = 2.471 acres
1 arpent=about 0.85 acre, or length of side of 1 square arpent (varies) (about 3439.1 m2)

1 statute mi=5280 ft=1609.35 m
1 mi2 = 640 acres (258.94 ha)
1 nautical mi (U.S.)= 6080.27 ft= 1853.248 m
1 fathom=6 ft (1.829 m)
1 cubit=18 in (0.457 m)
1 degree=0.01745 rad=60 min =3600 s
sin 1 =0.01745241
1 rad = 57.30 degree

For more information, go through the following link www.onlinecivilforum.com

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Detail lists of useful construction tools

Given below, the detailed lists of various useful construction tools and their applications :-

Hoe – It is effective for digging and arranging concrete, cement mortar in head pan. Hoe is also useful for excavating the soil but here the metal plate is set with acute angle to the wooden handle.

Head Pan – It is utilized to transmit materials. Head pan is built with iron to uprise the excavated soil or cement or concrete to the construction site etc. it is mostly found in construction sites.

Masonry trowel – The objective of this tool is to organize cement mortar. It refers to a hand trowel that is applied in brickwork or stonework for the purpose of leveling, dispersion and shaping mortar or concrete.

Measurement Tape – It is employed to examine the thickness, length, widths of masonry walls, foundation beds, excavated trenches etc.

Plumb Bob - It is applicable for verifying the vertical alignment of the structures. It comprises of a solid metal bob attached with the end of a thread. It can also be applied in surveying to level the instrument position.

Wheel Barrow – It is useful for carrying out cement mortar or any materials. Often, it is utilized to estimate the quantities of materials for site level concrete mixing.

Concrete Mixer – It is a machine that is used for blending the concrete perfectly with water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and cement at construction site.

Vibrator - It is utilized to vibrate the concrete when pouring is started. For the purpose of workability, water is added to concrete. To get rid of that, vibrators are applied.

Bump Cutter/Screed – The objective of this tool is to level fresh concrete surface particularly in slab concrete.

Wooden Float/wooden rendering float - This tool is useful for providing a flat finish to the plastered area.

Crow Bar - This tool is found in formwork to eliminate nails from boards. Crow bar is also applied for digging the ground and taking out the roots of trees in the ground, nails etc.

Framing Square - This tool is mostly found in Brickwork, Plastering to verify exact angle.

Line Level - This tool is required to verify horizontal level in brickwork, plastering , flooring and tile works.

Flat Pry Bar - This tool is found in shuttering and often utilized to modify the column formwork to align.

Digging bar - This tool is used to divide and unloose the compacted / hard surface area. Digging bar refers to a solid metal rod having pin shape at the bottom. It is also utilized to dig the hard surfaces of ground.

For more information, go through the following link www.civilology.com

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Some handy tips to examine the quality of cement in the construction site

Cement is considered as the most vital component in any construction. The cement plays the role of a binder that unites aggregate and sand jointly in concrete.

Though it is difficult to examine all the properties of cement, but there are some elementary field tests which provide a rough idea about the quality of cement.

Given below, the detailed lists of simple tests which can be easily accomplished devoid any equipment to determine the cement quality. These elementary tests involve examining the properties of cement upon which the strength and quality of Cement depend.

1. Date of Packing (MFG Date): It is found that the strength of the cement decreases as time passes. According to IS Specifications, cement should be reexamined if it is preserved in excess of three months in the mill.

The percentage of strength loss for various time gapping is provided below.

From the above mentioned table, it is found that the strength of cement is reduced over a period of time.

2. Colour of Cement: The color of cement should have been consistent. Grey containing a light greenish shade is considered as a standard color of cement. The quantity of surplus clay or line is determined with cement color.

3. Check for lumps: If moisture exists in cement, lumps may develop. Cement endures a chemical reaction if it gets in touch with the atmospheric moisture and it is called as hydration. Moisture is very harmful for cement. Cement becomes ineffective as soon as it is hydrated with water (liquid form or vapour form)

4. Rubbing Test: Choose a bit of cement rub within your fingers, if it remains smooth at the time of rubbing, the quality of cement is good. But if it is rough, it signifies that cement is blended with sand.

5. Float test of cement: Choose a bit of cement and put it in water, a good quality of Cement should be submerged and should not float on water.

6. Hand insertion: Put your hand into the cement bag. It you get cool feeling, then there is no hydration reaction in cement bag.

For more information, go through the following link civilread.com




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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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How to estimate cement bags in 1 cubic meter

Suppose the proportion of nominal mix is 1:2:4 (one part cement, 2 part sand and 4 part aggregate)

Wastage of cement is taken as 2%
Output of mix is provided as 67%.

For 1 cum output, the requirement of dry mix is 1/0.67 = 1.49 say 1.50 cum.
After including the wastage (2%), the output will be (1.50 + 0.02) = 1.52 cum.
Volume of cement = (cement/cement+sand+aggregate) × Total material

= (1/1+2+4) × 1.52
=0.2171 cum
The density of cement is 1440 kg/cum and
Weight of 1 bag cement = 50 kg.

So, volume of 1 bag cement = 50/1440
=0.0347 cum.
No. of cement bags essential in 1 cubic meter = 0.2171/0.0347
= 6.25 bags.
The above formula can be utilized for measuring cement for other nominal mixes.

To get more details, watch the following video tutorial.

Read Continue

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

How to make calculation for rebar with Rebarcalculator

Rebarcalculator is used for making calculations/conversions of rebar from weight(MT), Surface are(M2), No. of bar(12 meter length each) and total Length(meter) in any combinations.

To compute from Weight(MT) and transform it into Surface are(M2). As for instance Dia 10 MM & Quantity 5 MT, choose the unit MT from green panel and then opt for the convertible unit as output ie. M2 from Blue panel. Press calculate to obtain the required conversion.

It is mostly effective for site engineers, Managers, Project leaders in rolling, civil construction and coating industry to calculate cost and operational detail.

If you find this is useful, please comment on my blog and suggest of similar or any other areas in your business which can be improved with such software/applications.

One can access Rebarcalculator at free of cost. It is compatible with windows but does not support Mac OS X, Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, or AIX.

Online Rebar Calculator

To get more details, watch the following video tutorial.

Video Source: Calculated Industries

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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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Pros and Cons of a cavity wall Construction

Cavity wall made of double walls and a hollow space exists among them. A wall that is built up with two leaves or skins having a space or cavity among them is titled as a cavity wall. It is generally developed as an outside wall.

Cavity wall thickness of an outside wall and inside wall are equivalent or the inner wall may be deeper as compared to the outer wall. Cavity wall hollow never surpasses 100mm and it is consistent through the height.

The objective of building up a cavity wall is to resist the infiltration of rain to the inner surface of the wall. It is indispensable that cavity walls should not be bridged in any way as this would deliver a passage of moisture.

The masonry skins of a cavity wall belong to brickwork, blockwork or similar. Various types of masonry materials are applied on either side of the cavity. The cavity is primarily empty but is filled with insulation through several methods.

Lots of times are required to build up cavity walls and so little bit expensive to construct as compared to walls having the two skins bonded together. But they have good sound resistance capacity and come with superior sound and heat insulation and most significantly resistance to rain infiltration.

To maintain the longevity, strength and appearance, a damp resistant course of brick or block should be used for building up the cavity wall above ground level.

To resolve this issue, it is required to fill the cavity underneath ground level with a weak mix of concrete so that a solid wall is formed on the ground.

Benefits of cavity wall construction: Damp Prevention: Cavity wall controls the prevention of dampness from outer surface to interior of the building in an efficient manner as compared to a solid brick wall of the similar thickness.

Heat Insulation: As air is a bad conductor of heat, a cavity wall reduces the heat transmission significantly to sustain unvarying temperature inside the building.

Sound Insulation: Sound waves can move rapidly in solid media relating to air, the cavity wall constructions significantly reduces the noise from outside as well as inside the building to get rid of external disturbances.

Economical: The construction cost of a cavity wall is about 20% less than the construction cost of a solid wall having the same thickness.

It has the capability to resist a driving rain in all situations from entering to the inner wall.

Drawbacks of cavity walls

a. A high standard of design and workmanship is required to make a good construction wall
b. Good supervision is necessary throughout construction.
c. The requirement of a vertical damp proof course to all openings
d. The construction cost is little higher as compared to a standard one brick thick wall.

To gather more information, click the following link.constructiontuts.com




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Published By
Rajib Dey
www.constructioncost.co
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